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Puget Sound fishermen's strike of 1949
Puget Sound fishermen's strike of 1949 was a labor strike by fishermen in the Pacific Northwest.
==Background==
The Pacific Northwest has an abundance of natural resources and beauty. One of those resources, fish, has a lot of meaning to the working-class people of the area. The fishing industry is special in the fact that its successes and failures are directly connected to the natural cycle of the fish and the pressures that mass profiting can put on that cycle. With that being said, fishing is a much regulated industry. In the years after World War II the fishing industry employed between 33,000 to 50,000 fishers on 11,000 to 14,000 boats and these fishers sold their fish to 500 to 700 processors across the Pacific Northwest coast.〔Mann, Geoff. 2002. "Class Consciousness and Common Property: The International Fishermen and Allied Workers of America". International Labor and Working-Class History. 61.〕 The fishermen’s catch and distribution of the fish caught was concentrated in major ports that included cities such as San Francisco, Astoria, Seattle, and Bristol Bay (Alaska).〔
As with many working class labor industries in the early half of the 20th century, the fishing industry was rife with labor unions. The International Fishermen and Allied Workers of America (IFAWA), a Pacific Coast trade union, was one of them. The IFAWA had a very short lived life, and is not well known, talked, or written about. The IFAWA came to be in May 1939 and consisted of six combined fishing unions, was affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), and represented fishery workers in the states of California, Oregon, Washington, and Alaska.〔 The union represented fishery workers from every part of the fishing process, from the fishermen catching the fish all the way to the workers that canned the fish in canneries.〔
The decisions and rulings laid down from Office of Price Administration (OPA) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), during and after World War II, had direct effect on the fishing industry in the Pacific Northwest and the IFAWA. The OPA had set price ceilings for fish caught during World War II and the FTC’s anti-monopoly division concluded that the IFAWA was a group of businesspersons concluding to raise the prices of the fish that they sold.〔 The IFAWA needed more power and backing to fight these rulings. With the IFAWA reaching over 22,000 members after World War II, they merged with the International Longshoremen’s and Warehousemen’s Union (ILWU) and became a division of the ILWU in January 1949.〔 The merger made sense because of the fact that the ILWU and IFAWA were both based within the same ports and cities as each other. Joseph Jurich was made head of the fishermen’s union of the IFAWA division within the ILWU, which was headed by Harry Bridges.〔"Jurich Again Made President By Fishermen." The Seattle Times, January 29, 1949, Main sec. Accessed May 20, 2015.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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